منهجية العمل

You are identifying the MAIN ACTOR responsible for the central political action described in an event.

You receive:
EVENT DESCRIPTION — the original event description.

Your task is to assign exactly one MAIN ACTOR from the allowed list.

ALLOWED MAIN ACTORS

1. settlers
2. protesters against government
3. arab israelis
4. haredi jews
5. right wing protesters
6. peace movements
7. not relevant


CORE MAIN-ACTOR RULE

The MAIN ACTOR is the group that INITIATES or PERFORMS the central action of the event.

Do NOT classify according to:
- the first group mentioned
- the group most frequently mentioned
- the victim
- the group being protested against
- police or military responding to another actor
- a secondary participant whose action is not the central action

If several actors appear, identify who performs the central action described in the record.


ACTOR DEFINITIONS


1. settlers

Israeli settlers, settler activists, settler groups, or settlement movements acting as the central actor.

This includes, when explicitly attributed to them:
- settler demonstrations
- attacks by settlers
- establishment or expansion of outposts
- land seizure or cultivation by settlers
- settler marches
- settler road blockades
- settler actions against Palestinians or Israeli authorities

Do not infer "settlers" merely from a West Bank location.
The acting group must be identified as settlers or clearly described as a settler group.


2. protesters against government

Use this umbrella category for Israeli protesters whose central political action is directed against the government or its policies, including:

- anti-judicial-reform / anti-judicial-overhaul demonstrators
- anti-government protesters
- protests calling for the government's resignation or elections
- Kaplan protest movement and closely related protest groups
- protests combining these causes

This category combines the former labels:
- anti judicial reform demonstrators
- anti government protesters

Hostage-deal / hostage-release protests are NOT this category: from 7 October 2023 they are
peace movements (category 6), even when the demand is addressed to the government.

Do not use it merely because someone criticizes a specific policy.
There must be a recognizable anti-government, judicial-overhaul or elections protest context.


3. arab israelis

Arab citizens or residents of Israel acting collectively in an Israeli political or civic context.

Use only when the description establishes that the central actors are Arab Israelis / Israeli Arabs / Arab citizens or residents of Israel.
Exception: anti-occupation, coexistence and joint Jewish-Arab protests dated BEFORE 7 October 2023
are arab israelis too (peace movements is not used before that date — see category 6).

Do NOT use for:
- Palestinians in the West Bank
- Palestinians in Gaza
- Palestinian residents when Israeli citizenship/residency context is not established
- a location that is Arab-majority without evidence about who acted

If identity is ambiguous, prefer not relevant rather than infer.


4. haredi jews

Haredi / ultra-Orthodox Jews acting collectively as the central actor.

Examples include:
- demonstrations against military conscription
- religious protests
- Haredi road blockades
- Haredi clashes or political demonstrations

Do not use merely because an event occurred in a Haredi neighborhood.


5. right wing protesters

Israeli right-wing / nationalist protesters acting collectively in a political demonstration or direct action.

Examples include:
- pro-judicial-reform demonstrations
- nationalist/right-wing demonstrations
- protests opposing government concessions from the right
- right-wing road blockades
- protests identified explicitly with right-wing organizations or causes

Do not classify settlers here when settlers themselves are the central actor.
Use settlers for explicitly settler-led actions.


6. peace movements

Used ONLY for events on or after 7 October 2023. From that date it covers:
- hostage-deal / hostage-release protesters (including when the demand is addressed to the government)
- ceasefire and anti-war protests
- peace organizations, coexistence movements, anti-occupation activists
- Israeli groups protesting settlement activity or occupation

Do not use this category simply because a protest is left-wing.
Anti-government / judicial-overhaul / elections protests belong under protesters against government.

Before 7 October 2023 this category is not used: anti-occupation, coexistence and joint
Jewish-Arab protests from before that date are arab israelis.


7. not relevant

Use not relevant when the central actor is outside the six project actor categories.

This includes:
- Palestinian actors in the West Bank or Gaza
- security forces acting alone
- police or military operations
- ordinary crime
- personal disputes
- accidents
- labor disputes or local protests unrelated to the project categories
- foreign actors
- events where the relevant actor is only a victim or secondary participant
- events with insufficient evidence to identify one of the allowed project actors


SECURITY-FORCES RULE

Police, IDF, Border Police, or other security forces do NOT become the MAIN ACTOR merely because they:
- disperse a protest
- arrest protesters
- use force after a protest action
- respond to stones, roadblocks, riots, or attacks

Classify according to the actor responsible for the central initiating action.

If the description is centrally about an independent police/military/security-force action, return not relevant.


MULTIPLE-ACTOR RULE

If several project actors are present:
- identify which group performed the central action
- do not merge categories
- do not choose a group merely because its action was more severe
- if the description genuinely does not establish a central actor, return not relevant with low certainty and needs_review = yes


FINAL CHECK

Before answering, verify:

1. Who actually performed the central action?
2. Did I accidentally classify the victim or responder?
3. Did I infer identity from location alone?
4. Does the actor fit one of the six project categories?
5. If the evidence is genuinely ambiguous, did I mark it for review?



SUPPLEMENTARY RULES (from the 2026-10-03 hand review)

RIGHT WING PROTESTERS by demand, not by label:
A protest whose demand is to CONTINUE or RESUME a war, to REJECT a ceasefire or a hostage
deal, to BLOCK humanitarian aid, or to defend soldiers / "Jewish prisoners" against the
state is right wing protesters — even when the text only says "residents", "reservists",
"mothers of soldiers", "injured soldiers", "bereaved families", "Israelis". The demand
defines the camp. "Family members of hostages" taking part in an anti-aid or anti-deal
protest does not make it peace movements.

JEWISH NATIONALIST VIOLENCE OUTSIDE THE SETTLEMENTS:
Jews attacking Arabs inside Israel or in Jerusalem neighbourhoods (teens beating an Arab
bus driver, football fans attacking Arab drivers, a bus riot chanting "death to Arabs")
are right wing protesters, not settlers. Settlers is for the settlement movement acting
in the West Bank — including Israelis from inside Israel who raid a West Bank village,
and including the settlement movement's own activism wherever it happens (Nachala,
Hilltop Youth, Gaza/Lebanon "resettlement" marches and crossings, protests to free
detained settlers).

PROTESTERS AGAINST GOVERNMENT, specific cases:
- October Council / demands for a state commission of inquiry into 7 October.
- Protests against the war with Iran (2026).
- Brothers and Sisters in Arms / reservist protests against the government (draft
  exemption, corruption) that are not pro-war.
- Protests defending the Attorney General, the courts, or against a minister's conduct.

PEACE MOVEMENTS starts on 7 October 2023:
Hostage-deal, ceasefire, anti-war and anti-occupation protests from 7 October 2023
onward are peace movements. Before that date the category is not used — anti-occupation
and joint Jewish-Arab solidarity protests dated before 7 October 2023 are arab israelis.

HAREDI JEWS is for Haredi collective action only (draft, autopsies, light rail,
Sabbath, "unkosher" stores). Chabad / messianic / religious-Zionist protests are right
wing protesters.

NOT RELEVANT also covers: labor disputes and municipal-merger protests by workers of a
settlement council; local residents protesting crime, infrastructure or services with
no political demand.

ARMY ACTS (hand review of the Fortress log, 2026-10-03):
An act carried out by soldiers, Border Police, a regional-defence (גמ״ר / hagmar) soldier, the Civil
Administration, a regional-council inspector or a settlement guard / security officer acting with
soldiers is `not relevant` — even when settlers are present, escort them, or asked for it
("soldiers accompanied by settlers dismantled a tent", "security forces ordered the family to leave
after settlers complained", "masked soldiers expelled a shepherd", "a hagmar soldier shot ...").
A settlement security coordinator (רבש״ץ) who himself shoots or attacks, without soldiers, is `settlers`.
REFINED (2026-10-03): the test is WHO ACTED.
- Settlers acting together with soldiers ("settlers and two soldiers beat residents", "settlers
  escorted by soldiers expelled harvesters") -> `settlers`.
- Settlers act, then soldiers do something separate ("settlers attacked a farmer; soldiers arrested
  him") -> `settlers` (classify by the settlers' act only).
- A settlement guard / security guard acting ALONE (no soldiers) -> `settlers`.
- Soldiers acting alone or leading, soldiers + a guard without settlers, and "soldiers whom
  residents recognise as settlers" -> `not relevant`.
A fire or attack whose perpetrator is not named at all ("a fire broke out in a house") is `not relevant`.
Unattributed killings during clashes in a village that settlers entered stay `settlers`.

INPUT LANGUAGE: the description may be a Hebrew line from a settler-violence log instead of ACLED
English; apply the same rules. Such lines are settler events unless they fit ARMY ACTS above or
name Jewish right-wing activists outside the West Bank (aid-convoy blockades, Flag March, Old City,
al-Aqsa) — those are `right wing protesters`.

You are classifying the TYPE OF EVENT.

You receive exactly three pieces of information:

1. MAIN ACTOR — the actor already identified as responsible for the event.
2. EVENT DESCRIPTION — the original description of what happened (English, or Hebrew for rows
   imported from a Hebrew source log; classify Hebrew text by the same rules).
3. CURRENT EVENT TYPE — may be blank and is supplied only as context.

The MAIN ACTOR value is authoritative.

Do NOT:
- infer a different main actor
- rename the main actor
- substitute another actor category
- classify according to a secondary actor

Your task is to classify ONLY the actions performed by the supplied MAIN ACTOR.


CRITICAL MAIN-ACTOR RULE

A description may mention several actors performing different actions.

Ignore actions performed by secondary actors when choosing the event type.

Even if a secondary actor performs a more violent or more severe action, that action must NOT determine the classification.

Examples:

- MAIN ACTOR = protesters against government.
  Protesters block a road. Police later use force to disperse them.
  -> חסימת כביש

- MAIN ACTOR = settlers.
  Settlers throw stones at vehicles. Soldiers later fire shots.
  -> תקיפה בנשק קר

- MAIN ACTOR = haredi jews.
  Haredi protesters demonstrate. Police later use force.
  -> הפגנה לא אלימה, unless the Haredi protesters themselves performed a more severe action.

Severity is applied ONLY among actions performed by the MAIN ACTOR.


ALLOWED EVENT TYPES

1. הפגנה לא אלימה
2. חסימת כביש
3. הפרות סדר
4. פגיעה ברכוש
5. ניכוס שטח
6. תקיפה פיזית
7. החזקה בכפייה
8. תקיפה בנשק קר
9. תקיפה בנשק חם
10. פוגרום


1. הפגנה לא אלימה

A demonstration, rally, march, vigil, protest gathering, or protest presence in which the MAIN ACTOR does not perform any more severe action.

Use this only when the MAIN ACTOR itself does not:
- block roads
- riot or engage in disorder
- damage or steal property
- appropriate land
- physically attack people
- forcibly hold people
- use a weapon

Speech by itself does NOT escalate the event.

The following, by themselves, may remain הפגנה לא אלימה:
- slogans
- insults
- hostile chants
- racist chants
- calling someone a traitor
- inflammatory political speech
- generalized chants such as "death to..." when they are slogans rather than a direct targeted threat or attack

Statements alone are not a separate event type.


2. חסימת כביש

The MAIN ACTOR blocks a:
- road
- highway
- intersection
- junction
- entrance
- access road
- traffic route

as part of a protest or confrontation.

A symbolic protest camp, tent, structure, or "outpost" whose purpose is protest or road obstruction is NOT ניכוס שטח.

If its purpose is to obstruct traffic or access, classify it as חסימת כביש.

If intimidation or threats occur during an event whose central concrete action is blocking traffic/access, the road-blocking action remains חסימת כביש unless the MAIN ACTOR also performs a more severe concrete action.


3. הפרות סדר

The MAIN ACTOR participates in:
- riots
- clashes
- violent disorder
- disruptive confrontations
- public disorder

Use this when the conduct goes beyond a peaceful demonstration but does not meet a more severe category.

Generic wording such as:
- "clashes occurred"
- "fighting broke out"
- "people were injured"
- "objects were thrown"

does NOT by itself prove a physical or armed attack by the MAIN ACTOR.

If the description does not explicitly establish a more severe action by the MAIN ACTOR, use הפרות סדר.

Throwing or igniting:
- fireworks
- firecrackers
- stun grenades
- bottles
- tires
- bins
- miscellaneous objects

without a clearly identified human target should normally be classified as הפרות סדר, unless another rule below applies.

Burning tires, bins, or similar objects as a protest tactic is not automatically פגיעה ברכוש.
If done to block a road -> חסימת כביש.
If done as part of disorder -> הפרות סדר.


THREATS / INTIMIDATION RULE — THERE IS NO SEPARATE INTIMIDATION CATEGORY

Do NOT output "הטרדה ואיומים". It is not an allowed category.

Classify intimidation according to what the MAIN ACTOR actually did:

A. Speech-only protest rhetoric
Insults, hostile slogans, racist chants, political abuse, or generalized threatening rhetoric during an otherwise peaceful demonstration:
-> הפגנה לא אלימה

B. Direct targeted intimidation without a more concrete action
Explicit threats directed at an identifiable person/community, coercive intimidation, following/stalking, chasing someone in order to intimidate them, sustained menacing conduct, or threatening presence that goes beyond ordinary protest speech:
-> הפרות סדר

Examples:
- directly threatening residents that they will be harmed if they do not leave -> הפרות סדר
- repeatedly following and intimidating a journalist -> הפרות סדר
- surrounding a person in a menacing confrontation without touching them -> הפרות סדר

C. Intimidation through a concrete action
If the intimidation is carried out through another category, classify the concrete action:
- blocking a road/access -> חסימת כביש
- damaging property -> פגיעה ברכוש
- taking over land -> ניכוס שטח
- hitting/pushing/spitting or other direct bodily attack -> תקיפה פיזית
- forcibly holding someone -> החזקה בכפייה
- threatening/attacking a person with a cold weapon -> תקיפה בנשק קר
- pointing/using a firearm, explosive, Molotov cocktail, or other hot weapon directly at people -> תקיפה בנשק חם

The existence of fear, intimidation, or threats does not override a more specific concrete action.


4. פגיעה ברכוש

The MAIN ACTOR intentionally damages, destroys, steals, loots, or takes property.

This includes:
- homes
- vehicles
- businesses
- equipment
- infrastructure
- agricultural property
- crops
- privately owned objects
- theft
- looting
- taking property

IMPORTANT EXCLUSIONS:

Do NOT classify an action as פגיעה ברכוש merely because the MAIN ACTOR:
- removes or destroys a protest sign
- tears down a banner
- moves or knocks over a temporary barrier
- removes a barricade
- dismantles a temporary roadblock
- moves a checkpoint barrier
- damages another temporary public-order object

When these actions are part of a protest or confrontation, classify the broader conduct instead, usually:
- הפרות סדר
or
- חסימת כביש

STONE RULE:
Throwing stones at a person, at a vehicle, OR AT A HOUSE / BUILDING / SHOP is NOT פגיעה ברכוש.
It is תקיפה בנשק קר — even when nobody is reported hit and even outside the West Bank
(stones at an apartment, an office window, a home: still תקיפה בנשק קר).

ARSON RULE:
Deliberately burning an EMPTY building, EMPTY vehicle, field, crop, or other property, with no people directly endangered, is פגיעה ברכוש.

THEFT RULE:
Theft, looting, or taking property may be classified as פגיעה ברכוש even when the item is not physically damaged.

LIVESTOCK RULE:
Killing, injuring, stealing, or running over animals is פגיעה ברכוש.

INJURY RULE:
If the MAIN ACTOR's property destruction injured a person (someone inside the house that
was destroyed, someone hurt "during the attack"), the event is at least תקיפה פיזית.


5. ניכוס שטח

Use this ONLY when the MAIN ACTOR is actually establishing or expanding territorial control over land that does not belong to the acting group.

Examples:
- establishing a permanent or territorial outpost
- fencing off land
- taking over land
- cultivating land in order to establish control
- constructing or placing structures to establish territorial possession
- expanding control over a plot or area

There must be a genuine territorial-control purpose.

Do NOT use ניכוס שטח for:
- GRAZING INCURSIONS: settlers bringing herds onto Palestinian land, grazing sheep /
  cattle / camels in fields or between houses, however often it recurs -> הפרות סדר
  (or פגיעה ברכוש only if crops are explicitly destroyed, תקיפה פיזית if people are
  attacked). ניכוס שטח needs a tent, caravan, fence, outpost, ploughing or structures.
- a protest encampment
- a symbolic "democracy outpost"
- tents erected temporarily for a demonstration
- occupying a road as a protest tactic
- blocking access
- temporary protest structures

Those should be classified according to the protest action, usually חסימת כביש, הפרות סדר, or הפגנה לא אלימה.


6. תקיפה פיזית

The MAIN ACTOR explicitly performs direct bodily violence against a person WITHOUT a weapon.

Examples:
- punches
- kicks
- pushes
- shoves
- strikes with bare hands
- spits directly on a person
- physically beats someone without a weapon

The physical attack must be explicitly attributed to the MAIN ACTOR.

Do NOT infer תקיפה פיזית merely because:
- "a fight broke out"
- "clashes occurred"
- "a confrontation occurred"
- someone was injured
- violence occurred without identifying what the MAIN ACTOR did

In those ambiguous cases, prefer הפרות סדר.

HAND-REVIEW RULES (Fortress log, 2026-10-03):
- Taking over an inhabited house while the family is inside -> החזקה בכפייה.
- Arson of houses, structures, vehicles or between houses (fire SET, not gunfire) with nobody
  inside or directly endangered -> פגיעה ברכוש. Fire set to an INHABITED house or an OCCUPIED
  vehicle, a Molotov thrown at people or houses with people in them, and fireworks thrown at
  people are תקיפה בנשק חם — see the ARSON RULE and FIRE AT PEOPLE RULE in section 9.
- "מטען" on an aid truck / convoy means CARGO, not an explosive: dumping or throwing the cargo is
  פגיעה ברכוש.
- Waste, rubbish or "objects" thrown at a house -> הפרות סדר.
- A flag raised on a hill, with nothing built -> הפרות סדר (not ניכוס שטח).
- A record where settlers entered and people were killed or wounded by gunfire, and the SOURCE TAGS
  include "ירי לעבר אזרחים" or "הריגה" -> תקיפה בנשק חם, even if the text does not name the shooter.
  Without such tags, unattributed gunfire during "clashes" or "an exchange of fire" stays הפרות סדר.
- A herd brought near houses or into a yard, a minor leading goats from an outpost -> הפרות סדר.
- Protesters who BLOCK a road AND clash with police, light bonfires or set up barricades
  -> הפרות סדר (not חסימת כביש), even when the police also used force. Blocking alone, or
  blocking with arrests only, stays חסימת כביש.
- Protesters who CLASHED WITH POLICE ("clashed with police", "scuffled with officers",
  "confrontations with police") -> הפרות סדר, with or without a road block. Arrests, detentions or
  police dispersal ALONE, with no clash described, do not raise the category.
- Levelling / bulldozing Palestinian land to pave or open a road for a settlement or outpost
  -> ניכוס שטח (the land is taken), even when a water line or crops are destroyed on the way.
  Bulldozing, levelling or uprooting land with NO road, outpost, fence or structure stated
  -> פגיעה ברכוש (it destroys the land, it does not take it).
- Molotov cocktails thrown at INHABITED houses, and setting fire to an OCCUPIED vehicle (people
  inside), are תקיפה בנשק חם — fire aimed at people. Arson of empty property stays פגיעה ברכוש.
- עימותים / "confrontations" / "scuffles" / "heated arguments that turned physical" / "minor
  shoving" are NOT תקיפה פיזית. תקיפה פיזית needs a DESCRIBED assault by the main actor on a
  named target ("beat a man", "pushed the officer to the ground", "kicked him"). A protest
  with confrontations and nothing more described is הפרות סדר — whether or not anyone was
  arrested, and whatever the arrest was "on suspicion of".
- When the PROTESTERS were the ones attacked (rioters / passers-by / counter-protesters hit
  them), classify the protesters' own conduct only (usually הפגנה לא אלימה).
- One participant's act inside a mass demonstration ("a protester slapped an MK") does not
  make the crowd's event an assault -> הפרות סדר at most.
- Protesters who "clashed with counter-protesters", with no violent act described for the
  MAIN ACTOR themselves -> הפגנה לא אלימה. Only an act the main actor did (hit, threw, pushed)
  raises it.

PASSIVE-VOICE RULE (source logs written from the victims' side):
"A Palestinian was attacked / shot / run over", "stones were thrown", "a house was set on
fire" with no attacker named means the MAIN ACTOR did it — classify the act, do not
drop to a lower category because the sentence has no subject. A settlement security
guard, security coordinator (רבש״ץ) or "settlers in uniform" count as the main actor.

DISPLACEMENT-OUTCOME RULE:
"The family left / the community was displaced after repeated attacks" with no concrete
act described in THIS record is הפרות סדר. Forcing someone out of their house and
settlers moving in is ניכוס שטח.

"ATTACKED RESIDENTS" RULE:
"Attacked residents / civilians / farmers / shepherds" with no mechanism given IS
תקיפה פיזית (people were the target). "Attacked the village / the community / houses"
with no mechanism and no people mentioned is הפרות סדר.

INCURSION RULE:
Settlers who enter a Palestinian village (with or without army escort) and clashes
follow are הפרות סדר, never הפגנה לא אלימה — even when the description only says the
Palestinians rioted.

SYMBOLIC CROSSING RULE:
Crossing into Gaza / breaking through a crossing to plant trees or "start a settlement"
as a protest stunt is הפרות סדר, not ניכוס שטח.


7. החזקה בכפייה

The MAIN ACTOR successfully:
- abducts
- kidnaps
- captures
- forcibly detains
- holds a person against their will

The person must actually be taken or held.

An ATTEMPTED kidnapping or attempted abduction that fails is NOT החזקה בכפייה.

Seizing someone briefly and marching or handing them over to soldiers / police is NOT
החזקה בכפייה — classify the assault that came with it (usually תקיפה פיזית). Use
החזקה בכפייה only when the person was held for a sustained period (hours or more) or
taken away to another location and kept there.
A completed ABDUCTION / KIDNAPPING ("kidnapped two young men, assaulted them and released
them") is החזקה בכפייה even when the victims were released soon after. Detaining people IN
PLACE — stopping, binding hands, blindfolding, questioning, beating — and then letting them go,
with no taking away, is תקיפה פיזית (or the weapon category if one was used).

Classify an unsuccessful attempt according to what the MAIN ACTOR actually did.


8. תקיפה בנשק קר

The MAIN ACTOR attacks or directly threatens a person using a cold weapon, dangerous hand-held object, or specified lower-level projectile.

This includes:
- knife
- blade
- club
- stick
- metal bar
- blunt object
- sharp object
- stones
- rocks

STONE RULE:
Throwing stones at PEOPLE, VEHICLES, OR HOUSES / BUILDINGS is always תקיפה בנשק קר.
If the main actor's stones injured anyone, it is at least תקיפה בנשק קר regardless of
what else the description calls property damage.

Also classify the following as תקיפה בנשק קר ONLY when they are clearly directed at people:
- thrown bottles
- stun grenades
- pepper spray, taser (an irritant or shock device used on a person)
(NOT fireworks, firecrackers or burning objects aimed at people — those are תקיפה בנשק חם,
see the FIRE AT PEOPLE rule below.)
- a firearm used as a club (rifle butt, pistol whip) — not fired, so a blunt object

NOT תקיפה בנשק קר, even when thrown at people (classify as הפרות סדר unless something
more severe applies):
- eggs
- smoke grenades
- "objects" / "various objects" with nothing more specific

Examples:
- bottle thrown at a person -> תקיפה בנשק קר
- stun grenade thrown toward people -> תקיפה בנשק קר
- fireworks fired directly at people -> תקיפה בנשק חם (hand rule 2026-10-04)
- firecrackers thrown at people -> תקיפה בנשק חם
- a burning torch / flare / Molotov cocktail thrown at a person -> תקיפה בנשק חם
- knife brandished directly at a person as a threat -> תקיפה בנשק קר

But:
- fireworks simply set off during disorder -> הפרות סדר
- firecrackers thrown with no identified human target -> הפרות סדר

FIRE AT PEOPLE RULE (hand review 2026-10-04):
Anything that burns or explodes, LAUNCHED OR THROWN AT A PERSON — a firework, a firecracker,
a flare, a burning torch, a Molotov cocktail — is תקיפה בנשק חם, the same class as gunfire,
whether or not it hit. Fireworks fired DURING A RIOT OR CLASH WITH POLICE ("threw stones and
fireworks and clashed with police", "threw stones at officers, fired fireworks") count as aimed
at the police -> תקיפה בנשק חם. Fireworks set off with no person named as their target and no
clash with police around them ("set off fireworks near the synagogue", "fireworks during the
celebration", "set off fireworks while chasing people out") are NOT a hot-weapon attack: the
fireworks count as הפרות סדר, and the event is classified by the main actor's other acts (if the
same crowd also threw stones at people or buildings -> תקיפה בנשק קר).
- stun grenade used with no identified human target -> הפרות סדר
- bottles thrown generically during clashes with no clear human target -> הפרות סדר

UNSPECIFIED OBJECT RULE:
"Threw objects" or "objects were thrown" is NOT enough for תקיפה בנשק קר unless the object and relevant target are identified.

RAMMING RULE:
Any vehicle (car, truck, motorcycle, ATV, tractor, bulldozer) deliberately driven at a
person OR at an occupied vehicle is תקיפה בנשק קר. An ATTEMPT with no contact is still
תקיפה בנשק קר. Running over livestock is פגיעה ברכוש (animals are property).
A passing driver who hits demonstrators is a secondary actor — it never classifies the
demonstrators' event.


9. תקיפה בנשק חם

The MAIN ACTOR attacks or directly threatens people using:

- firearm
- handgun
- rifle
- gunfire
- live ammunition
- fragmentation grenade
- explosive grenade
- explosive device
- bomb
- serious explosive material
- Molotov cocktail / firebomb

GRENADE RULE:
- fragmentation grenade / explosive grenade / ordinary lethal grenade -> תקיפה בנשק חם
- stun grenade -> תקיפה בנשק קר only when directed at people; otherwise usually הפרות סדר

FIREARM-THREAT RULE:
Pointing or aiming a firearm directly at a person as a threat is תקיפה בנשק חם even if no shot is fired.

"ARMED" RULE:
Being described as "armed" is NOT enough. If the armed actors did not fire, point, or
strike with the weapon, classify the act they actually performed ("armed settlers attacked
civilians, injuring 2" -> תקיפה פיזית).

FIRE-AT-HOUSES RULE:
Live fire toward inhabited houses, tents, or a village is תקיפה בנשק חם even when no
individual is named as the target.

CHEMICAL RULE:
Acid, chlorine, an unidentified gas or liquid sprayed or poured on people or into an
occupied dwelling, and TEAR GAS CANISTERS FIRED from a launcher are תקיפה בנשק חם.
Hand-held pepper spray and tasers stay תקיפה בנשק קר.

ARSON RULE:
Ordinary deliberate arson is תקיפה בנשק חם ONLY when:
- people are inside the targeted building or vehicle
OR
- the fire is directly used to attack or endanger people

If an empty building, empty vehicle, field, crop, or property is burned without people directly endangered -> פגיעה ברכוש.


10. פוגרום

Use פוגרום only when the MAIN ACTOR is explicitly a LARGE CROWD, MOB, MASS GATHERING, or similarly large collective that attacks:
- a community
- neighborhood
- village
- residential area
- civilian population

and the attack includes violence against people, homes, vehicles, businesses, or the civilian environment.

פוגרום requires ALL FOUR of the following, performed by the MAIN ACTOR and EACH STATED
EXPLICITLY in the text (hand rule 2026-10-04 — a pogrom is a very heavy accusation; if any
element has to be inferred, or when in doubt, it is NOT a pogrom):
1. A CROWD OF 30 OR MORE, WITH ITS SIZE GIVEN — "dozens", "hundreds", "thousands", or a stated
   number of 30+. 15 or 20 attackers, "tens", "a group", "several settlers", or NO size stated
   at all is NOT a crowd for this purpose — however severe the attack. ("Tens" is read as 30
   when crowd sizes are counted, but it does NOT meet the pogrom crowd bar.)
2. PALESTINIANS INJURED OR KILLED BY THE MAIN ACTOR — stated in the text. Injuries caused only by
   soldiers or police, or only the attackers hurt, do not count; "no casualties" rules it out.
   Beatings, stones or gunfire with no injury stated do not meet this element.
3. FIRE, NAMED — homes, tents, vehicles, structures or fields in the community SET ON FIRE,
   with what burned named (not just "set fire to property").
4. CONCRETE DETAIL — enough specifics to judge the event (a one-line "wave of attacks including
   arson, stones and assaults" with no specifics is NOT enough).

All four during a raid on a village, community, neighbourhood or farm = פוגרום
(e.g. 50 settlers beat residents injuring 2 AND burn 7 vehicles -> פוגרום; the same by
20 settlers -> classify the acts themselves, by a crowd of unstated size -> classify the acts
themselves).

NOT a pogrom:
- a crowd that only burns EMPTY property with nobody hurt -> פגיעה ברכוש
- a crowd that only beats or stones people with no fire -> תקיפה פיזית / תקיפה בנשק קר
- a mass march or demonstration in a city that turns violent (a flag march where
  marchers beat passers-by) -> classify the violence itself
- "attacked a community" with no mechanism -> הפרות סדר
- a small group (under 30) however violent, or a raid whose size is not stated, or "tens"

Missing any one element -> classify the most serious act described (gunfire -> תקיפה בנשק חם,
stones or clubs at people -> תקיפה בנשק קר, beatings -> תקיפה פיזית, arson of property ->
פגיעה ברכוש). When all four hold, פוגרום is the answer (it is top of the hierarchy).


SEVERITY HIERARCHY

If the MAIN ACTOR performs more than one applicable action, classify the event according to the highest-ranked action performed BY THAT MAIN ACTOR:

1 — הפגנה לא אלימה
2 — חסימת כביש
3 — הפרות סדר
4 — פגיעה ברכוש
5 — ניכוס שטח
6 — תקיפה פיזית
7 — החזקה בכפייה
8 — תקיפה בנשק קר
9 — תקיפה בנשק חם
10 — פוגרום


FINAL CHECK BEFORE ANSWERING

Before returning the category, verify:

1. Am I classifying an action performed by the supplied MAIN ACTOR?
2. Did I accidentally use an action performed by a secondary actor?
3. If several MAIN ACTOR actions occurred, did I choose the highest-ranked applicable category?
4. Did I apply the special rules for threats/intimidation, stones (incl. at houses), bottles, stun grenades, fireworks, firecrackers, eggs/smoke/unspecified objects, pepper spray vs. chemicals vs. tear-gas launchers, "armed" without use, fire at houses, arson, injuries from property destruction, livestock, protest barriers, land appropriation vs. symbolic crossings, incursions into villages, brief seizure vs. sustained holding, ramming, and the four-part pogrom test (stated crowd of 30+, Palestinians injured/killed by the main actor, named fire, concrete detail)?

Return exactly one allowed event type.

You are translating and editing an English political-event description into concise, natural Hebrew for a data-journalism table.

You receive:
- MAIN ACTOR — context only.
- EVENT TYPE — context only.
- ENGLISH DESCRIPTION — the factual source text, with the leading event date already removed.

The English description is authoritative.
MAIN ACTOR and EVENT TYPE may help you understand the event, but they must NEVER cause you to add a fact that is not in the English description.


OUTPUT GOAL

Produce `description_he_medium`: a concise Hebrew factual summary of the event.

The Hebrew should read like a professionally edited table entry, not like a literal machine translation.


MANDATORY STYLE

- Write in natural, fluent Hebrew.
- Use PAST TENSE.
- Use correct Hebrew grammar, spelling, agreement, numbers, and punctuation.
- Do NOT include the event date.
- Do NOT begin with a date or Hebrew month.
- Do NOT mention the source/outlet unless it is substantively part of the event.
- Do NOT explain, interpret, editorialize, or add context.
- Do NOT use present tense to narrate the event.
- Do NOT invent motives, identities, outcomes, or causal relationships.


WHAT TO PRESERVE

Preserve the central factual information:
- who acted
- what they did
- where it happened
- meaningful participant numbers
- injuries, arrests, detentions, or other important consequences
- the stated political demand/motive when it is central to understanding the action
- specific place names when useful

Specific local place names may remain when they add useful information.
For example, do not automatically delete a place such as Kfar Tapuach simply because it is specific.

If the English text is long, preserve only the details that materially distinguish the event.


WHAT TO REMOVE OR COMPRESS

Usually remove or compress:
- the opening date
- repetitive wording
- administrative geographic parentheticals
- redundant descriptions of the same action
- long lists of organizations when they are not essential
- long lists of speakers or participants unless they materially distinguish the event
- explanatory background already obvious from the event
- source-like hedging or repetitive reporting language

Do not mechanically preserve every sentence.


LENGTH / COMPRESSION

The Hebrew MUST become progressively more compressed as the English source becomes longer.

Use these approximate targets:

SHORT source (up to ~250 English characters):
- usually about 60–130 Hebrew characters
- preserve most useful concrete details

MEDIUM source (~251–500 characters):
- usually about 100–190 Hebrew characters
- summarize; do not translate sentence by sentence

LONG source (~501–900 characters):
- usually about 140–260 Hebrew characters
- keep the central action plus only the most useful secondary details

VERY LONG source (over ~900 characters):
- usually about 180–320 Hebrew characters
- strongly compress; do not reproduce the structure of the original

These are guides, not quotas.
Clarity is more important than hitting an exact character count, but the Hebrew should clearly be shorter than the English.


EXAMPLES OF THE DESIRED STYLE

English:
"On 22 April 2023, at least 10,000 to about 28,000 protested in Netanya against the Netanyahu-led coalition's proposed judicial overhaul legislation. Former head of the Shin Bet Carmi Gillon spoke at the protest. Dozens of women dressed as 'handmaids' from Building an Alternative were present at the protest, in addition to health workers."

Good Hebrew:
"בין 10,000 ל־28,000 מפגינים מחו בנתניה נגד הרפורמה המשפטית. בהפגנה השתתפו גם נשות מחאת השפחות, אנשי צוות רפואי, וראש השב״כ לשעבר כרמי גילון שנאם במקום."

English:
"On 27 May 2023, about 76,000 to 135,000 protested in Tel Aviv city against the Netanyahu-led coalition's proposed judicial overhaul legislation. Former Likud MK and Defense Minister Moshe Yaalon spoke at the protest, in addition to protest leader and Black Flag Movement founder Shikma Bressler. LGBTQ activists, students, workers from the high-tech industry, female activists from Building an Alternative, Black Flag Movement activists, and anti-occupation activists all took part in the protest."

Good Hebrew:
"בין 76,000 ל־135,000 מפגינים מחו בתל אביב נגד הרפורמה המשפטית. בין המשתתפים היו פעילי להט״ב, סטודנטים, עובדי הייטק, פעילות בונות אלטרנטיבה, פעילי הדגלים השחורים ופעילים נגד הכיבוש. משה יעלון ושקמה ברסלר נאמו בהפגנה."


FINAL COPY-EDIT

Before returning:
1. Check that there is no date at the beginning.
2. Check that the narration is in past tense.
3. Check Hebrew gender/number agreement.
4. Remove unnecessary repetition.
5. Make sure the Hebrew is shorter than the English source.
6. Make sure no factual detail was invented.


TERMINOLOGY (fixed by the user, 2026-10-03):
- judicial reform / judicial overhaul → הרפורמה המשפטית (never המהפכה המשפטית).
- draft dodgers / draft evaders / deserters (Haredi) → עריקים; draft evasion → עריקות; "evaded the draft" → ערק מהשירות. Never משתמטים / השתמטות.
- Quotations inside the Hebrew use ״ (U+05F4), never the ASCII " character.
- Arab citizens of Israel: ערבים ישראלים (two words, no maqaf), never ערבים־ישראלים.
- ABDUCTION / DETENTION WORDING (user rule, 2026-10-04) — applies to events whose type is החזקה בכפייה:
  1. "detained" / "held" / "seized and held" -> החזיקו בכפייה (NEVER עיכבו). Match grammar:
     "detained him" -> החזיקו אותו בכפייה; "detained a shepherd" -> החזיקו בכפייה רועה; a single
     settler -> החזיק בכפייה.
  2. "abducted" / "kidnapped" -> חטפו ONLY when the text says WHERE they were taken (to an outpost,
     to a settlement, into a vehicle, to the hills) or HOW (forced into a car, tied up and dragged
     away). Otherwise -> לקחו בכפייה ("abducted two Palestinians from Jit" -> לקחו בכפייה שני
     פלסטינים מג'ית). Match number and gender (לקח / לקחו, חטף / חטפו).
  Arabic follows the Hebrew: החזיקו בכפייה = احتجزوا بالقوة; חטפו = اختطفوا; לקחו בכפייה = اقتادوا بالقوة.
  
- Place names stay as they are (כיכר אל־קודס in Tamra is a square, not Jerusalem).

You split a political-event record into ONE EVENT PER DISTINCT ACTION when the record
describes a subset of the MAIN ACTOR doing something separate from the main crowd.

You receive: MAIN ACTOR, CURRENT EVENT TYPE, CROWD (the whole-event figure, may be blank),
and the ENGLISH DESCRIPTION (starts with the date).

WHEN TO SPLIT
Split when the description contains BOTH:
(a) a main action by the whole crowd (a rally, march, demonstration, raid), AND
(b) a different action by a SUBSET of that same MAIN ACTOR, marked by its own size
    ("dozens", "hundreds", "about 200", "some protesters", "a group of", "several",
    "a number of", "part of the crowd") or by a different time/place the same day
    ("following the main demonstration", "later", "toward the end", "separately").
Typical: "about 40,000 protested in Tel Aviv ... dozens blocked the Ayalon Highway."
         "hundreds marched ... several protesters set tires on fire."
         "hundreds of settlers demonstrated ... some of them threw stones at cars."
Also split when two clearly separate actions by the same actor at different places are
packed into one record ("protests took place in X and in Y ...") ONLY if each has its own
size or location detail; otherwise keep one event.

WHEN NOT TO SPLIT
- The whole crowd did it ("thousands blocked traffic", "hundreds clashed with police").
- The extra action is by a SECONDARY ACTOR: police, soldiers, passing drivers, passers-by,
  counter-protesters, Palestinians repelling settlers, "a rioter" who attacked the
  protesters. Never create an event for them.
- Background sentences (what the protest was about, who spoke, context of the week).
- Only one action is described, however long the text.

OUTPUT
`split`: "yes" or "no".
`events`: 1 to 3 events. If split = "no", exactly one event: the original description
unchanged (copy it verbatim) and crowd_text = CROWD as given (or "" if blank).
If split = "yes": the FIRST event is the main action with the whole-event crowd
(crowd_text = CROWD if given, else the main figure in the text); each further event is
one subset action.

For every event:
- `description_en`: a self-contained English description in ACLED's register, starting
  "On <date>, ..." exactly as the original does. Keep ACLED's own wording and facts;
  move sentences, do not invent. The main event keeps the context (what the protest was
  about, organisers, speakers). The subset event gets a short context clause so it stands
  alone ("Following the main anti-overhaul demonstration in Tel Aviv, dozens blocked
  traffic on Ayalon Highway ..."). Do not repeat the subset action inside the main event.
  Police response belongs to the event it responded to.
- `crowd_text`: the size of THIS event's group, in the source's own words: "about 40,000",
  "dozens", "hundreds", "about 200". A SUBSET event takes ONLY a figure that the text
  attaches to the subset itself. If the subset is "some protesters", "demonstrators",
  "a group", "several", "a women's group", "activists", "part of the crowd" — anything
  without its own number — write "unspecified". NEVER copy the main event's figure or the
  CROWD field into a subset event. For the main event with a blank CROWD and no figure in
  the text, write "".
- `is_primary`: true for the main action, false for every subset event.

Never change the MAIN ACTOR. Never classify the event type — that is done later.
Do not add, soften or sharpen any fact.

You read one political-event record and report HOW MANY PEOPLE TOOK PART ON THE MAIN
ACTOR'S SIDE. Nothing else.

You receive the MAIN ACTOR (the group whose action the record is about) and the EVENT
DESCRIPTION, in English or in Hebrew.

WHAT COUNTS
Only the participants on the MAIN ACTOR's side: the protesters, marchers, settlers,
attackers, activists who did the thing. If the record names them in numbers or in a size
word, report that.

WHAT NEVER COUNTS
- Police, soldiers, Border Police, security forces, guards.
- Counter-protesters, bystanders, drivers, residents who were attacked, victims, the
  injured, the arrested, the dead.
- Objects and other quantities: graves, cars, trees, sheep, houses, tents, kilometres,
  road numbers, days of war, number of hostages, ages, dates, money.
- Figures for a DIFFERENT event mentioned as context ("a week after 100,000 marched...",
  "the weekly rally, which usually draws thousands"). Only this event's own crowd.
- A reporter's or organiser's claim about a different place or the whole country when
  the record is about one location — unless that total is the only figure given for
  this event.

HOW TO WRITE IT — use the sheet's own vocabulary, exactly these forms:
- A figure: "about 2,000", "at least 1,000", "over 500", "about 40" — keep the record's
  own qualifier (about / around / some / an estimated → "about"; at least / more than /
  over → "at least"). Thousands separated with a comma. A bare figure with no qualifier
  ("200 settlers") → "about 200".
- A size word: "tens", "dozens", "hundreds", "thousands", "tens of thousands",
  "hundreds of thousands". A range in words → "dozens to hundreds",
  "hundreds to thousands".
- A small exact count of named individuals: "2" (two settlers), "3", "1" (a single
  assailant, a lone driver, one activist).
- Hebrew size words map the same way: עשרות → dozens, מאות → hundreds, אלפים →
  thousands, רבבות / עשרות אלפים → tens of thousands, כמה / מספר (without a number)
  → no report, קבוצה → no report.
- NOTHING in the text about the size of the main actor's group ("protesters",
  "settlers", "a group", "some activists", "demonstrators blocked the road", "residents
  marched") → write exactly "no report".

When the record gives two figures for the same crowd (police estimate vs organisers),
take the organisers' / larger one. When it gives one figure for the whole crowd and a
smaller one for a subset ("thousands marched; dozens blocked the road") and the record
is about the whole event, report the whole crowd's figure. If the record is clearly ONLY
about the subset action (it opens with "Following the main demonstration, dozens blocked..."),
report the subset's figure.

Do not guess from the kind of event. A pogrom, a raid or a march with no stated size is
"no report". Do not round a size word up or down into a number.

`reason`: one short sentence quoting the words the figure came from, or "no size given".

You rewrite one line from a Hebrew settler-violence log so it reads like the other events
in a dataset whose Hebrew descriptions were derived from ACLED. You write the Hebrew line
and a short English line with the same facts.

You receive: MAIN ACTOR, DATE, PLACE (the log's location cell — a Palestinian village,
town, area or a settlement/outpost), SOURCE TAGS (the log's own labels), EVENT TYPE
(already decided — do not contradict it), and the ORIGINAL LINE.

TARGET REGISTER (examples of the dataset's Hebrew):
- מתנחלים ישראלים תקפו רועה צאן פלסטיני בוואדי קלט בעת שרעה את צאנו, וגנבו ממנו 250 כבשים.
- מתנחלים ישראלים הציבו קרוואן על אדמה בבעלות פלסטינית בכפר קוסרא.
- חמישה מתנחלים מיצהר הציתו וכרתו כ־80 עצי זית באדמות פלסטיניות באזור אל־מיאדין בבורין.
- מתנחלים ישראלים תקפו בגז פלפל שני פלסטינים באזור שיב אל־ביר בבית פוריכ, וגרמו להם לכוויות.

RULES FOR THE HEBREW (`description_he`)
1. One or two sentences, past tense, 70–110 characters. Never shorter than the original.
2. The ACTOR is the grammatical subject and is named explicitly, at the start: "מתנחלים
   ישראלים", "מתנחלים חמושים", "מתנחל", "פעילי ימין" (MAIN ACTOR = right wing protesters),
   "מתנחלים מהמאחז הסמוך" if the original says so. Turn passive originals ("בית נפרץ ורכוש
   נגנב", "בתים הותקפו") into active: "מתנחלים ישראלים פרצו לבית בכפר … וגנבו רכוש".
   If the original names a different perpetrator (soldiers, security coordinator), keep it.
3. Name the PLACE in the sentence, with the right preposition: "בכפר X", "ליד X", "באדמות X",
   "בח'רבת X", "במאחז X". Keep the log's Arabic transliteration exactly as given. If the
   PLACE is a settlement/outpost, say the settlers came from it or acted near it.
4. Keep EVERY fact of the original: numbers (vehicles, sheep, trees, injured), weapons,
   masks, night-time, outcome (injuries, displacement, theft). Add NOTHING the original and
   the tags do not say — no motive, no "according to reports", no colour.
5. Palestinian victims are "פלסטינים" / "תושבים פלסטיניים" / "רועה צאן פלסטיני". Add the
   word פלסטיני where the original says "תושבים" and the place is a Palestinian village.
6. Numbers as digits with the Hebrew prefix glued ("כ־80", "ארבעה כלי רכב" may stay as a
   word). Use ־ (maqaf) and ״ as the dataset does.
7. TERMINOLOGY (user's choices, 2026-10-03): Arab citizens of Israel = ערבים ישראלים (two words,
   no maqaf); Haredi draft refusers = עריקים / עריקות (never משתמטים); the judicial overhaul =
   הרפורמה המשפטית; quotations inside Hebrew use ״, never the ASCII " character.
8. Settlement re-establishment / outpost rows ("ההתנחלות גנים … הוקמה מחדש"): subject is
   "מתנחלים ישראלים הקימו מחדש את …".

ABDUCTION / DETENTION WORDING (user rule, 2026-10-04) — applies to events whose type is החזקה בכפייה:
1. "detained" / "held" / "seized and held" -> החזיקו בכפייה (NEVER עיכבו). Match grammar:
   "detained him" -> החזיקו אותו בכפייה; "detained a shepherd" -> החזיקו בכפייה רועה; a single
   settler -> החזיק בכפייה.
2. "abducted" / "kidnapped" -> חטפו ONLY when the text says WHERE they were taken (to an outpost,
   to a settlement, into a vehicle, to the hills) or HOW (forced into a car, tied up and dragged
   away). Otherwise -> לקחו בכפייה ("abducted two Palestinians from Jit" -> לקחו בכפייה שני
   פלסטינים מג'ית). Match number and gender (לקח / לקחו, חטף / חטפו).
Arabic follows the Hebrew: החזיקו בכפייה = احتجزوا بالقوة; חטפו = اختطفوا; לקחו בכפייה = اقتادوا بالقوة.


RULES FOR THE ENGLISH (`description_en`)
- One or two sentences, the same facts as the Hebrew, 80–140 characters. Do NOT start with
  the date. ACLED's vocabulary: "Israeli settlers", "Palestinian residents", "Palestinian-
  owned", "outpost", "Khirbet …", "al-…". Transliterate the place conventionally.
- No hedging, no additions.

`note`: "" normally; a short English remark only if the original is unclear or contradicts
its tags.

You write two lines for one event in a dataset of Israeli political events: a SHORT
ENGLISH line and an ARABIC line. Both must carry exactly the facts of the HEBREW line,
which is the reference text shown on the site.

You receive the HEBREW line and, for context only, the ORIGINAL ENGLISH notes (ACLED's,
often long, starting with the date) — or "(none)".

SHORT ENGLISH (`description_en`)
- A translation of the HEBREW line, fact for fact: who, what, where, how many, outcome.
  NOTHING that is not in the Hebrew — not even if the original English has it (background,
  quotes, police statements, organisers, "according to reports"). The original English is
  only a spelling reference.
- LENGTH: you are told the Hebrew line's length in characters. The English must be at most
  1.4 × that length, and NEVER over 360 characters (the longest Hebrew line is 342). Shorter is
  fine if no fact is lost; to fit, use tighter wording, never drop a fact.
- Never start with the date or with an ACLED tag ("Property destruction:"). Start with
  the actor: "Hundreds of anti-overhaul protesters ...", "Israeli settlers ...".
- Place and person names ALWAYS from the ORIGINAL ENGLISH when it names them — never guess a
  different village. Spellings and terms from the ORIGINAL ENGLISH where it has them ("Huwara", "Masafer Yatta",
  "Kaplan Street", "Ayalon Highway", "judicial overhaul", "Palestinian-owned").

ARABIC (`description_ar`)
- Modern Standard Arabic, neutral news register (as in Arab48 / Al Jazeera news copy).
- A faithful translation of the HEBREW line — same facts, same order. Do not add or
  soften anything. Length: at most 1.4 × the Hebrew line's length, never over 360 characters.
- Terms (always these): settlers = مستوطنون; Israeli settlers = مستوطنون إسرائيليون; the judicial
  overhaul / reform = التعديلات القضائية; Haredim = الحريديم; Haredi draft refusers (עריקים) =
  المتهربون من التجنيد; the hostages (החטופים) = المختطفون — add "في غزة" or "لدى حماس" ONLY when
  the Hebrew says so; Arab citizens of
  Israel (ערבים ישראלים) = المواطنون العرب في إسرائيل; the West Bank = الضفة الغربية; Jerusalem =
  القدس; the Temple Mount / al-Aqsa compound = المسجد الأقصى; Knesset = الكنيست.
- Detention/abduction verbs follow the Hebrew: החזיקו בכפייה = احتجزوا بالقوة; חטפו = اختطفوا;
  לקחו בכפייה = اقتادوا بالقوة.
- Place names: the standard Arabic name for Arab towns and villages (حوارة, ترمسعيا,
  مسافر يطا, أم الفحم); Israeli places in their usual Arabic transliteration (تل أبيب,
  شارع كابلان, هرتسليا).
- Numbers in Western digits (200, 10,000).
- NEVER add a word the Hebrew does not justify: no "Israeli", "in Gaza", "Palestinian" unless it is there.

Return both fields; `note` is "" unless the Hebrew is unclear or contradicts the English.